{"id":966,"date":"2020-08-24T06:00:43","date_gmt":"2020-08-24T10:00:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deeds.com\/articles\/?p=966"},"modified":"2024-04-25T23:20:29","modified_gmt":"2024-04-26T03:20:29","slug":"lgbt-and-real-estate-ownership","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deeds.com\/articles\/lgbt-and-real-estate-ownership\/","title":{"rendered":"LGBT+ and Real Estate Ownership"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
Navigating Mortgages, Titles and Deeds<\/em> Co-buying a home as a couple signifies a serious commitment\non multiple levels. If you have spoken with your real estate lawyer and financial\nexpert, and decided to buy property together as a couple, congrats! You\u2019ll want\nto make informed decisions about financing and titling your property together.\nYou\u2019ll be forging an estate plan as you go \u2014 because the way ownership is vested\non the title tells the world what should happen with your property ownership even\nbeyond your life. <\/p>\n\n\n\n It\u2019s good to know that the language of the chain of title\ncan co-exist with respect for the homeowners\u2019\nsexual identity<\/a>. Even so, certain things will be on LGBTIQ home buyers\u2019 radar.\nHere, we outline some frequently noted issues, to help orient your\nconversations with your financial and legal advisers, and your mortgage and\ntitle professionals. <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n As co-owners, you\u2019ll want to vest\nyour home title<\/a> with the right information, helping you meet your planning goals\nand protect your interests, both individually and as a couple. You might vest\nthe property as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Co-owners who select this vesting type own the property in\nequal shares. They can be married or unmarried. If one partner dies during the co-ownership,\nthe home does not get stuck in probate, where it could be challenged (the very\nword probate means the validity of the will is being proved). With a joint\ntenancy with a right of survivorship, by law, the interest of the deceased\npartner is simply extinguished, so the surviving partner will own the entire\nproperty. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Tenants in common could also be married or unmarried. This\nis a flexible vesting option. The partners may hold different percentages of\nthe property if they wish, so Joe might own 80% while Bert owns 20%, though\nthey both use the entire space together.\nThey may each transfer or will their individual interests to each other,\nor to other people \u2014 even without permission of the other owner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n This could be the best option if the owners want to pay\nunequal amounts into the monthly mortgage and other household expenses. (While\nboth co-owners are not legally required to be on the mortgage, lenders\ntypically expect to put both names on the agreement.) Be aware, though, that if\none owner dies during the co-ownership, the home won\u2019t automatically vest in the\nsurviving owner. Have a lawyer draft a will or transfer\non death deed<\/em><\/a> to protect the survivor\u2019s interest. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Today, all legally married couples, same-sex couples\nincluded, may title their home as a tenancy by the entirety. In some states it\nis the default for spouses. It might be available to domestic partners, depending\non state law. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Tenancy by the entirety exists as a vesting category in Arkansas<\/a>, Florida<\/a>, Mississippi<\/a>, Missouri<\/a>, Oklahoma<\/a>, Oregon<\/a>, Tennessee<\/a>, and a number of other states. Is yours among them? Check your current state code to see what is available to you. Real estate laws change, and state lawmakers can and do establish or abolish tenancy by the entirety for property deeds. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Where available, \u201cTBE\u201d is a highly protective vesting\nchoice. It shields the home from one owner\u2019s creditors \u2014 unless the creditor is\nthe IRS, or unless both owners took on the debt as a couple. When one owner\ndies, the other safely owns the property. Only after the surviving partner dies\n(or if both die at once) will the home go through probate. Neither owner may\ntransfer an interest in the home to a third party. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Note:<\/em><\/strong>Some state codes<\/a> still use the \u201chusband and wife only\u201d language. Same-sex couples should work with a lawyer to draft title language that cements their intent to vest as tenants by the entirety.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Some couples buy real estate in community property states,\nwhere property (and debt) acquired during a marriage\nor life partnership belongs to both people together. We\u2019ll cite California\nas a prominent example. For heterosexual or same-sex couples in California, the\nlaw presumes that couples buying homes are buying community property. They may opt\nto hold it specifically as community property with a right of survivorship<\/em>,\nor they may decide to vest with another form of co-ownership.<\/p>\n\n\n\n If one passes away during the home ownership, the survivor gets\na stepped-up cost basis of the property \u2014 an important tax advantage. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Eligible same-sex couples in California are those in a\nlegally acknowledged relationships, including: <\/p>\n\n\n\n Check with a lawyer experienced in property law for LGBT\ncouples to ensure that the vesting language on your deed is properly chosen.\nTitle companies\u2019 representatives and real estate agents may not have this\nknowledge and experience. <\/p>\n\n\n\n In some cases, homes are vested as sole and separate property<\/a> of just one person in a domestic partnership or marriage. You\u2019re entitled to keep to yourself anything that you purchased only with money from your own account, that was willed specifically to you, or that was already yours before you became a couple. If a house is separate property, it belongs just to you \u2014 if titled in your name alone, and as long as you keep and treat it separately. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Regardless of sexual orientation, co-borrowers are always well\nadvised to draft and sign a document outlining what happens in case of a future\ndecision by the co-owners to end their arrangement: <\/p>\n\n\n\n Memorializing a plan acceptable to both co-owners is prudent \u2014 no matter that you\u2019ll likely never need to use the agreement. And have a Domestic Partnership Agreement drafted [sample PDF<\/a>], even if you\u2019re legally married under your state\u2019s law. <\/p>\n\n\n\n If you have children with an ex-spouse, consult with a\nfamily law expert in your state. If your ex has custody, your property could\nbecome subject to judgment liens and other complications, and the way you vest\nyour ownership may have additional consequences. Of course, this may be the\ncase with gay, lesbian, and heterosexual couples alike.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Given that both familial status and sex are categories protected against discrimination<\/a> by U.S. law, we might think heterosexual and same-sex couples both face the same level of stress on their way to a mortgage approval. Is this true, though? <\/p>\n\n\n\n Same-sex marriage is now legal in all 50 states. That is highly significant in real estate, as \u201cregistered domestic partners are not married for federal tax purposes<\/a>.\u201d Even so, the branches of our federal government have yet to firmly speak on gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender rights. So, regardless of your current marital status, it\u2019s immensely important to connect with a financial adviser or tax expert who will guide you through the situation-specific points of real estate co-ownership, and help you protect your interests.<\/p>\n\n\n\n According to the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the federal Fair Housing Act does <\/em>bar housing discrimination<\/a> against LGBTQIA<\/a> persons on account of real or perceived gender identity or sexual orientation. So, for example, underwriters for federally insured lenders must approve financially eligible same-sex couples\u2019 loan applications. So must private lenders and underwriters involved with the USDA federally managed mortgage loans<\/a> or VA home loans<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n In practice, though, systematic discrimination may be difficult to spot, or root out. Troubling research results from Iowa State University showed that even low-risk LGBT borrowers are less likely to get a mortgage<\/a> and face higher interest rates than their heterosexual peers. If you have experienced LGBTQ housing discrimination, you can ask HUD to investigate<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Research from Freddie Mac<\/a> notes that almost half (46%) of LGBT renters who wish to buy a house fear discrimination in the process. The apprehension is understandable. It\u2019s only been a few years since the U.S. Supreme Court<\/a> held that same-sex couples have equal rights. We take heart in knowing that today, most people across the country support same-sex couples<\/a> \u2014 and that everyone is entitled to pursue the dream of home ownership.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\nHow to Hold the Title in the Home You Buy Together<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Joint Tenancy with the Right of Survivorship<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Tenants in Common<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Tenancy by the Entirety<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Community Property<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Separate Property<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Just in Case: The Importance of a Separate Agreement<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
LGBT+ Real Estate Discrimination? Know the Facts \u2014 And Your\nRights<\/h2>\n\n\n\n